ABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze the characteristics of immune cross-reaction between herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 in terms of serology and clinical protection aiming to provide data for the control and prevention of diseases caused by the two viruses.Methods:An attenuated HSV-1 strain M3 was used to immunize BALB/c mice. Specific immune responses indicated by the production of neutralizing antibodies were detected. Wild-type HSV-1 and HSV-2 strains were respectively used to infect the mice through different ways 28 d after the immunization to observe the protective immunity in the M3-immunized mice against HSV-1/2 infection.Results:M3 strain could not induce specific neutralizing antibodies against HSV-2. Therefore, viral loads in tissues of the immunized mice increased significantly following different modes of HSV-2 exposure. However, no obvious abnormal clinical manifestations were found and the histopathological damage was only slight inflammatory reaction. In contrast, HSV-1-specific neutralizing antibodies were elicited in the M3-immunizaed mice with significant protective effects against HSV-1 infection.Conclusions:The immune response induced by attenuated HSV-1 strain M3 in mice exhibited immune-protective effects characterized by production of neutralizing antibodies and inhibition of virus proliferation in vivo against wild-type HSV-1 infection. For HSV-2, instead of neutralizing virus in form of antibodies, it featured by more of clinical cross-immunoprotective abilities to control virus growth.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of down-regulation of Beclin 1, which is an autophagy regulatory molecule, expression induced by RNA interference on the proliferation and apoptosis in skin fibroblasts of naked mole rat. Methods The expression levels of Beclin 1 were detected after starvation or H2 O2 treatment.The fibroblasts were transi-ently transfected with specific siRNA targeting Beclin 1 and then screened by real-time PCR and Western blot.Cell prolifer-ation and apoptosis were determined using CCK-8 detection kit and flow cytometry ( FCM ) .The expressions of related genes were detected by Western blot.Results The expression of Beclin 1 gene at mRNA and protein levels was signifi-cantly lower in fibroblasts of the naked mole rat.Starvation and H2 O2 treatment induced changes of the Beclin 1 expression. Inhibition of Beclin 1 gene expression can inhibit cell proliferation and induce early and late apoptosis.The protein levels of p53, BAX, Bcl2, LC3B, p-AKT and mTOR were reduced after transient transfection with Beclin 1-siRNA.Conclusions The expression of Beclin 1 in fibroblasts of naked mole rat are changed in response to starvation or H2 O2 stimulation.Inhi-bition of Beclin 1 gene expression can inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis.Therefore, Beclin1 gene may play a regulatory role in autophagy, proliferation and apoptosis in the skin fibroblasts of naked mole rat.